Mold has many forms and can live in many different environments. There are over 100,000 different types of mold. Not all types of mold are a threat, however. Some types of mold are fairly benign, and some even have medicinal uses. For example, Penicillium is used in the production of penicillin, an antibiotic commonly prescribed to cure strep throat, bronchitis and other forms of infection.
The problem with there being so many species of mold is that differentiating toxic molds from household molds is nearly impossible for an untrained professional. If you discover mold growth in your home, you should call a professional mold removal company to inspect the area and determine if your home requires treatment.
Some types of mold to be aware of are:
Stachybotrys Chartarum (black mold)
Stachybotrys grows well on extremely wet building materials containing cellulose that have remained wet for more than a week. It produces mycotoxins that can irritate skin and mucous membranes. One potent mycotoxin produced by Stachybotrys is called satratoxin; it is also toxic when inhaled. Extreme care should be taken when this organism is amplified indoors.
There are a wide variety of species of Aspergillus. Some are considered opportunistic pathogens and may cause pulmonary infections. Some members also produce mycotoxins and have been implicated in causing allergic reactions and hypersensitivity pneumonitis.
Aspergillus type organisms are some of the first fungi to grow on water-damaged materials and are frequently found in water-damaged structures.
Ulocladium
Isolated from soil, wood, and decaying plant material, Ulocladium grows on very wet walls and particleboard. Because of its high water requirements, it is considered an excellent indicator of water damage. This genus is allergenic, contributing to the allergy load especially in those with Alternaria allergy.
